Cognitive Changes with Age: What’s Expected and What’s Not

Forgetting where you placed your keys or occasionally struggling to find the right word is common as we get older, but how can we tell the difference between normal aging and the early signs of dementia?

What’s Normal?

Mild changes in memory and processing speed are typical with age. For example:

·       Slower Recall: It may take longer to remember names or words, but they typically come to mind later.

·       Occasional Forgetfulness: Misplacing objects or briefly forgetting an appointment is common but doesn’t disrupt daily life.

·       Maintained Independence: Despite small memory lapses, daily tasks and problem-solving remain intact.

Early Signs of Dementia

Unlike normal aging, dementia involves significant cognitive decline that interferes with daily life. Warning signs include:

·       Frequent Memory Loss: Forgetting recent conversations, events, or important information without recalling it later.

·       Confusion with Time and Place: Getting lost in familiar locations or struggling to keep track of dates and times.

·       Difficulty with Familiar Tasks: Struggling with everyday routines, such as following a recipe or managing finances.

·       Language Problems: Difficulty finding words or maintaining conversations.

·       Personality or Mood Changes: Increased irritability, depression, or withdrawal from social activities.

If you or a loved one are noticing persistent memory concerns, early detection can make a difference. For more information or to schedule a consultation, please contact our office at 732-988-3441.

Gianna Scimemi, M.A.
Psychometrician & Doctoral Student